Accueil > Documentations scientifiques > Revues archivées > Omaly sy Anio > Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume (...) > Portrait controversé du Khalifa Abdullahi au Soudan (fin XIXè siècle)
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Portrait controversé du Khalifa Abdullahi au Soudan (fin XIXè siècle)
Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume 33-36, 1991-1992, pp. 497-512Auteur : Yagi V.A.
Mots clés : KHALIFA ABDULLAHI/HISTOIRE/BIOGRAPHIE/1841-1899/SOUDAN
[ EN ] An important figure of the Sudan’s history Khalifa Abdallahi was often misunderstood by his contemporaries, and his image has even been blackened by the Arab historians. For the Sudanese, Abdillahi, whose lineage was nevertheless a commendable one, but originating from Dàr For, was a usurper. However, the Mahdi Muhammad Ahmad to whom he succeeded trusted him totally. The task of setting up the Mahdist State fell upon him : he organized it according to the ancient Turk government system. He maintained the provinces, but subdivided them into districts. However, the territory was so immense that it was almost impossible to govern the two pillars of the Mahdist State : the hudiciary and the finance. The Khalifa also created a police force to survey the precincts in Khartoum. He reorganized the army wchich joined the the Mahdist ideal. The former black soldiers and the former slaves were incorporated into the Mahdist army. He also created a mail service. But, this great organizer had his weakness : he neglected commerce, first because he was a nomad, but also because he did not trust the traders whom he suspected o being spies. He also neglected agriculture since he spent his time at fighting wars. The Khalifa Abdillahi was only the successor to a spiritual leader, with his weaknesses, but the nevertheless was an important figure of the Sudan’s history.
[ MLA ] Na dia olona nanana ny lanjany tokoa aza i Khalifa Abdallahi teo amin’ny tantaran’i Soudan, dia natetika izy no tsy azon’ny mpiara-belona taminy, ka dia noharatsin’ny mpanoratra tantara arabo tokoa izy. Ho an’ny soudanais manko, na dia tsara fototra tokoa aza izy ara-pianakaviana, dia noheverina ho toy ny mpandroba fahefana satria avy any Dàr For. Ny Mahdi Muhammad Ahmad izay nodimbiasany kosa anefa dia natoky aza tanteraka. Izy no nianjeran’ny adidy hanangana fanjakana mahadista : nalaminy araka ny rafi-panjakana tiorka tranainy izany. Notazominy ny faritany, nefa kosa nozarazarainy ho distrika. Nidadasika loatra anefa ny tany, hany ka tsy tanteraka ny fitondrana mahadista niankina tamin’ny andry roa, dia ny fitsaràna sy ny fitantanam-bola. Namorona polisy ihany koa ny Khalifa mba hiambina ny kartien’i Khartoum. Nohavaoziny ny fandaminana ny tafika izay nanaiky ny fenitra mahadista. Natsofoka tao amin’ny tafika mahadista ireo miaramila mainty hoditra sy ny mpanompo teo aloha. Namorona fomba fizaràna taratasy ihany koa izy. Nanana ny fahalemeny koa anefa io mpandamina nikoizana io : tsy dia nahiany loatra ny varotra, satria moa izy mpifindrafindra monina (nomade), ary koa tsy natokisany ireo mpivarotra izay noheveriny ho mpitsikilo. Nataony ambanin-javatra ihany koa ny fambolena satria moa ny androatokompotoanany dia laniny tany an’ady. Mpandimby fotsiny ilay mpitarika ara-panahy i Khalifa Abdillahi, ary nanana ny fahalemeny izy, kanefa kosa dia tena olona manana ny maha-izy azy eo amin’ny tantaran’i Soudan.
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