Accueil > Documentations scientifiques > Revues archivées > Omaly sy Anio > Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume (...) > Origines et limites d’un parlement colonial : les premières délégations (...)

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  Origines et limites d’un parlement colonial : les premières délégations économiques et financières (1921-1924)
  Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume 29-32, 1989-1990, pp. 381-415

  Auteur : Fremigacci J.

  Mots clés : COLONISATION/PARLEMENT/PARLEMENTAIRES/DELEGATIONS ECONOMIQUES ET FINANCIERES/1921-1924/MADAGASCAR
  
  

  [ EN ] Faced with an autocratic colonial power, the colonists were the first to express the wish to be represented. The assertion of a parliamentary principle in their favour in 1920 and the recognition of the necessity of a Malagasy representation were made possible by the circumstances of the 1914-18 war and the effort it demanded – by the link which was subsequently established between the liberalization of the regime and the effective development of the country – and finally, by the return to Madagascar in 1920 of a governor related to the colonial oligarchy. Thus, the first elected assemblies modestly called financial and economic Delegations could hold sessions in 1921, 1922, 1923. The members of the colonial oligarchy, which were the majority in the assemblies, were a discredit to themselves not only because of their division and their inability to take people’s interests into account, but also because of their reactionary policy towards the Malagasy. Conversely, the Malagasy delegates were no simple creatures of the government, as was expected ; their criticisms were harsh and their wishes verged on a calling into question of the colonial order. All this accounts for the fact that, as early as 1924, the government found it necessary to fully reestablish its autocratic power and to limit the Delegation’s function, until the end of 1940, to one which was similar to that of the States General of the Ancient Regime.

  [ MLA ] Noho ny didy jadona teo amin’ny fitondram-panjanatany, dia ireo voanjo no nitaky voalohany ny hananany solontena eo amin’ny fitondrana. Ny zava-misy tamin’ny 1914-1918, ny ezaka tsy maintsy natao tamin’ny ady, ny fahalalahan’ny fitondrana taty aoriana izay noheverina ho niankinan’ny fahombiazana teo amin’ny fanajariana ny tany, ny fiverenan’ilay governora niandany tamin’ireo voanjo tremalahy teto an-toerana tamin’ny 1920 ary nahatsapana koa fa tokony hisy solombavambahoaka Malagasy. Araka izany dia tamin’ny taona 1921, 1922-1923 no nisy fivorian’ireo antokon’olona voafidy voalohany izay nomena ny anarana tsotsotra hoe “Delegasiona ara-toe-karena sy ara-bola”. Nanjary ratsy laza ireo voanjo tremalahy nanjakazaka tao amin’ireo delegasiona ireo, tsy noho ny fisaratsarahany sy ny tsy fahaizany mijery ny tombontsoan’ny daholobe ihany fan oho ny politikany tsy mitady izay androsoan’ny Malagasy. Ireo solontena Malagasy kosa dia tsy saribakolin’ny fitondrana araka ny niheverana azy fa nahay nanararaotra ny fifanolanana teo amin’ny mpitondra sy ny voanjo, ka nanaovany fanakianana mahery vaika sy fangatahana mitady handrodana ny rafi-panjanahana. Izany rehetra izany no nahatonga ny fanjakana hihevitra, nanomboka tamin’ny taona 1924, fa tsy maintsy averina tanteraka amin’ny laoniny ny fahefany feno ary tsy maintsy ferana ny andraikitr’ireo delegasiona ireo tsy mihoatra ny an’ireo “Etats généraux” tany Frantsa tamin’ny fitondran’ny mpanjaka fahiny, hatramin’ny nanafoanana azy tamin’ny taona 1940.

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