Accueil > Documentations scientifiques > Revues archivées > Omaly sy Anio > Archives > Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume 27, (...) > Le Paysan de l’est de Madagascar. Du tavy à la riziculture irriguée : une (...)

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  Le Paysan de l’est de Madagascar. Du tavy à la riziculture irriguée : une mutation tardive
  Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume 27, janvier - juin 1988, pp. 75-91

  Auteur : Rabearimanana L.

  Mots clés : HISTOIRE ECONOMIQUE/RIZICULTURE/SYSTEMES DE CULTURE/RIZ IRRIGUE/RIZ PLUVIAL/CULTURE SUR BRULIS/TAVY/1930-1970/MADAGASCAR/ COTE EST
  
  

  [ EN ] The « tavy » or rice-growing on burnt soil with its social, cultural and even political meanings can still be seen on intermediate terraces in Eastern Madagascar, despite the fact that it is forbidden by the government which considers it as a non profitable practice and a cause of the deterioration of the environment. Rice-growing on irrigated lands was initiated in the area by Merina businessmen and Betsileo farmers between the wars. But the 1947 revolt caused these people to retire and the impetus was stopped. It was only in 1956 that the technicians of the public services took over. Besides, the enrichment of the valleys by the local government, the increase in rice consumption, the rise in monetary reserves due to the development of the cultivation of coffee and its price (which was relatively high until 1956) – all these have favoured the extension of irrigated lands. The “tavy” has prevailed though. Today, with the fall in the price of trading products, the explosion of the price of rice and the increase in population, rice-growing on hills is still practiced and is even spreading.

  [ MLA ] Ny tavy, na fambolem-bary amin’ny tany voadotra – fomba izay nanana ny lanjany eo amin’ny lafiny ara-piaraha-monina, ara-koltoraly ary ara-politika koa aza – dia mbola ataon’ny olona ihany eny amin’ny havoana amin’ny faritra atsinanan’i Madagasikara iny na dia efa noraran’ny fanjakana aza ; hitany mantsy fa tsy hahavokarana firy sady manimba ny tontolo iainana. Ny mpandraharaha merina sy ny mpamboly betsileo no nampiditra ny fambolem-bary itarihan-drano, tao amin’ny faritany, tamin’ny vanim-potoana anelanelan’ny ady lehibe voalohany sy faharoa. Saingy noho ilay fikomiana tamin’ny 1947, dia voatery niala tao ireo mpiandraikitra fambolena ka niato ny ezaka. Nanomboka tamin’ny taona 1956 vao nanohy ny asa indray ireo sampan-draharaha amin’ny lafiny teknika. Ankoatra ny fanajariana ireo tany an-dohasaha nataon’ny mpitondra fanjakana dia nahatonga ny olona hanitatra ny fambolena an-tanimbary koa ny fitomboan’ny vary hohanina, ny fahabetsahan’ny tahirim-bola avy amin’ny firoboroboan’ny voly kafe ary ny fiakatry ny vidin’ny kafe hatramin’ny 1956. Kanefa tsy nanafoana tanteraka ny tavy izany. Noho ny fihenan’ny vidin’ny vokatra fanondrana amin’izao fotoana izao, ny fidangan’ny vidin’ny vary ary ny fitombon’ny mponina dia mbola mitohy ihany ny fambolem-bary an-tanety ary azo lazaina ho mandroso mihitsy aza.

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