Accueil > Documentations scientifiques > Revues archivées > Omaly sy Anio > Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume (...) > Islamisés et systèmes royaux dans le Sud-Est de Madagascar. Les exemples (...)

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  Islamisés et systèmes royaux dans le Sud-Est de Madagascar. Les exemples Antemoro et Tañala
  Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume 33-36, 1991-1992, pp. 235-286

  Auteur : Beaujard P.

  Mots clés : MALGACHES/ANTAIMORO/TANALA/MAISONS ROYALES/SYSTEMES SOCIAUX/ISLAM/MUSULMANS/MADAGASCAR/SUD EST
  
  

  [ EN ] The historical part of the islamized elements from the South East Coast in the development of the Malagasy kingdoms is often mentioned in this area of the South East, the Antemoro and Tanala kingdoms, both ruled by nobilities who claimed to be of an “Arab” origin, seem however to be quite different from each other, in their ideologies and their functioning, especially with regard to the places of women and relatives of a uterine line, or the relationship between aristocrats and autochtonous groups : the Tanala balance of powers between these two social strata contrats with the subjection of the commoners among the Antemoro, subjection inscribed in an opposition between purity and impurity. If the aristocratic Antemoro groups keep an Arabic script and “Islamic” esoteric traditions (where over influences than Arabic are to be discerned), among the Tanala, Islam constitutes a reference with no great contents. The convergence between the two royal systems are in fact relevant to a common heritage from the Zafiraminia. Upon the character of the Antemoro medicine-man, coming and going through the whole island, was founded the myth of a dominating Antemoro influence in the laboration of the main kingdoms of Madagascar. Marked by a division between political and religious powers, The Antemoro kingdom seems however to be original amid the Malagasy ensemble. The elements of this contribution lead to reconsider, about other regions, the real influence of “Islamized” people in the ancient social system, as well as the contents and use of the term “kingdom”.

  [ MLA ] Matetika voateny ny anjara toeran’ny sokajin’olona nanaraka ny finoana silamo avy ao Atsimo-Atsinanana tamin’ny andron’ny fanjakana (royaumes) malagasy. Raha jerena akaiky anefa io faritra Atsimo-Atsinanana io, dia hita fan a dia tarihin’andriana samy milaza tena ho manam-pirazanana “arabo” aza ny fanjakana Antemoro sy Tanala, dia hita fa toa samy hafa tanteraka izy ireo na amin’ny fotokeviny na amin’ny fomba fiasany, indrindra moa teo amin’ny famaritana ny anjara toeran’ny vehivavy sy ny zana-behivavy, na koa ny fifandraisan’ny andriana sy ny teratany : ohatra, mifanipaka amin’ny fifandanjam-pahefana eo amin’ny ankolafiny roa ao amin’ny Tanala ny fifehezana ny olontsotra ao amin’ny Antemoro, fifehezana miankina amin’ny fanavahana ny “madio” sy “tsy madio”. Mbola mitandro ny sorabe sy ny fombafomba “silamo” natokana ho an’olombitsy (ary ahitana fomba aman-kevitra hafa tsy arabo) ny vondron’andriana Antemoro. Ao amin’ny Tanala kosa dia tondroina ho fototra fotsiny ny finoana silamo fa tsy hita izay tena votoatiny. Ny marina dia hoe : ny fisian’ny lova Zafiraminia iombonana no mampifandray ireo rafi-panjakana roa ireo. Ny lazan’ny mpanandro-mpitsabo Antemoro izay nitety ny nosy manontolo no nanompanana ny fankalazana ny lanjan’ny Antemoro teo amin’ny fananganana ny fanjakana lehibe teto Madagasikara. Na izany aza anefa, noho ny fisarahan’ny fahefana politika sy ara-pivavahana, dia azo lazaina ho miavaka ny rafi-panjakana Antemoro eo anivon’ny fiaraha-monina Malagasy. Ny zavatra velabelarina eto dia natao hitaona handinika amin’ny maso vaovao ny tena lanjan’ny olona “nandairan’ny finoana silamo” teo amin’ny rafi-piaraha-monina fahiny tany amin’ny faritra hafa, ary koa ny tena dikan’ny teny hoe “fanjakana” sy ny fampiasana azy.

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