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  Insécurité, banditisme et criminalité dans le Nord de Madagascar au début du XX° siècle
  Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume 25-26, 1987, pp. 297-320

  Auteur : Fremigacci J.

  Mots clés : PROBLEMES SOCIAUX/CRIMINALITE/MEURTRE/BANDITS ET BRIGANDS/DELINQUANTS/HISTOIRE SOCIALE/1902-1903/MADAGASCAR/ANTSIRANANA
  
  

  [ EN ] North of Madagascar offered favourable conditions, under the colonization, to social instability and crime. In 1903, a set of murders against some colonists turned the region in a commotion resounding up to the French parliament. It needs a detailed inquiry to reveal that it was mostly revenges of neighbours or employees of the colonists. This violent reaction, rare in Madagascar, can be explained by a muslim influence and by the prence of Antaimoro migrants from the South East, instable labour force unwilling to accept the bad behaviours of a wretched petty colonization. The creoles colonists succeeded to politicize the problem in Paris, getting from Gallieni a hardened control of populations. The North becomes therefore a laboratory of the synthesis between civil political methods and a military heritage both making up the colonial power which founds itself too on the collective responsibility of the villages. However, the rate of criminality in the region was to remain high, as a normal result of the colonial order, later completed by political agitation.

  [ MLA ] Tsy nandry fehizay iny faritra avaratry ny Nosy iny nandritra ny fanjanahan-tany, noho ny hafitsoky ny mpandroba sy noho ireo olona mpivezivezy tsy mba miorim-ponenana. Nanaitra fatratra ny mponina ka nahatonga fitarainana hatrany amin’ny Antenimieram-bahoaka frantsay ireo vono olona nifanesisesy tamin’ny taona 1903, izay namoizan’ny vonjo vitsivitsy ny ainy. Rehefa natao ny famotorana dia hita fa niharan’ny valy fatin’ny mpifanolo-bodorindrina aminy sy ny valy fatin’ny mpiasany ireo voanjo ireo. Azo heverina ho anisan’ny fiantraikan’ny riba silamo izany fihetsika feno hery setra tsy fahita loatra amin’ny faritra hafa eto Madagasikara izany. Ankoatra an’izany dia eo koa ireo Antemoro mpamanga, izay tsy mba niorim-ponenana ary tsy vonona ny hanaiky ny fomba fitondrana tsy mahafa-po nasehon’ny voanjo mahantra fadiranovana. Noho ny tatitra nataon’ny voanjo tany Paris anefa dia nivadika ho raharaha politika ny zava-nitranga koa nandray fepetra hentitra ny jeneraly Gallieni mba hanamafisana ny fifehezana ny vahoaka. Noho izany dia samy nampiharina tany amin’iny faritra avaratra iny na ny fitondrana ara-miaramila, na ny fitondrana ara-politika, ary ambonin’izany dia tompon’andraikitra amin’izay zava-mitranga ny mpiray tanana tsy an-kanavaka. Izany akory dia tsy nampitsahatra ny vono olona izay misy ifandraisana amin’ny rafi-panjanahan-tany. Taty aoriana dia niampy fihetsiketsehana izay tena nanana endrika politika tokoa ny hery setra fahita tany avaratra tany.

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