Accueil > Documentations scientifiques > Revues archivées > Omaly sy Anio > Archives > Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume (...) > De l’Instrumentalisation des dialectes oraux

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  De l’Instrumentalisation des dialectes oraux
  Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume 21-22, 1985, pp. 115-129

  Auteur : Ravololonirina H.

  Mots clés : MALGACHE (LANGUE)/DIALECTES/NIVEAUX DE LANGUE/LANGUE STANDARD/NORMALISATION/SOCIOLINGUISTIQUE/POLITIQUE LINGUISTIQUE
  
  

  [ EN ] Instrumentalization of oral dialects which form the overwhelming majority on the linguistical map of Madagascar, is accorded to the present official aims that is to say the research of the promotion of a national language will not be the expression of the prevalence of one dialect over the others, but the result of the merged specific cultural and linguistical contribution of each dialect. The principal aspect of this instrumentalization is represented by the shift from oral to written language. This shift can’t be defined in a coherent way without a previous reflexion about the linguistical and sociolinguistical status of regional dialects.
  Nevertheless, facing this leveling point of view concerning the linguistical theory (structural isomorphism of all the malagasy dialects) as well as the linguistical politics (whose aims have been partially actualized in recent dispositions about malagasy teaching), the analysis of linguistical malagasy situation compells us to point out that the unequal situation of the dialects is perpetuated today, because the validity of some aspects of the linguistical description has not been submitted to the linguistical critical process, which concerns the malagasy language today. We insist on the structural differences that separate an oral dialect such as the tsimihety and the only written dialect which is the merina. We think that taking into account theses differences from the lexical point of view well as the syntactic point of view will permit the elaboration of a national written language which would be accorded to the official aims.

  [ MLA ] Tanjona ho tratrarina nofidin’ny fitondrana ny fananan’ny firenena teny iray : « ny malagasy iombonana ». Ny fampitaovana ny fitenim-paritra rehetra mba ho azo ampiasaina amin’ny endrika an-tsoratra no lalana iray mitondra ho amin’izany tanjona izany. Raha topaza-maso ny zava-misy ny amin’ny teny amam-piteny eto Madagasikara dia tsikaritra fa ireny fitenim-paritra ireny indrindra no maro mpampiasa. Araka izany, ny malagasy iombonana dia tsy hay ho ferana amina fitenim-paritra iray fotsiny ihany fa tokony ho vokatry ny firavonan’ireo haren-tsaina mbamin’ny harem-pitenenana raiketin’ireny fitenim-paritra samihafa ireny. Anisan’ny lafiny iray manan-danja tokoa eo amin’izany fampitaovana ny fitenim-paritra izany, ny famolahana ny endrika am-bava ananany ankehitriny ho azo am-piasaina an-tsoratra. Fa mialoha izany asa fikarohana izany anefa dia ilaina, farafaharatsiny ny mahafantatra ny satan’ireny mitaha amin’ny teny amam-piteny hafa miasa eo amin’ny ombon-teny malagasy. Teo ampiandohana, raha heverina ho mitovy lenta ny teny amam-piteny rehetra nampiasaina eto an-toerana (indrindra fa eo amin’ny lafiny haiteny sy eo amin’ny lafiny politika), araky izay hita taratra amin’ireo fepetra samihafa noraisina eo amin’ny sehatry ny fampianarana dia hita kosa, rehefa dinihana ny zava-misy eo amin’ny lafiny teny eto Madagasikara, fa ny mifanohitra amin’izany no mitranga : to any tsy fampitoviana lenta indray no mahazo vahana. Ny fomba fandinihana ny fitenim-paritra hatrizay mantsy dia nampisehoana fotsiny hatrany ny maha iray fototra ny teny malagasy. Tsy ampy anefa izany, rah any fananganana ny malagasy iombonana no tanjona. Singanina manokana amin’izany ny tokony hanomezan-danja ny tsy fitoviana ara-drafitra eo amin’ny fiteny tsimihety, ohatra, izay fiteny mirafitra ho fampiasana am-bava sy eo amin’ny fiteny merina hany fampiasa an-tsoratra ankehitriny. Heverinay fa io fampisongadinana ny fahasamihafan’ny fitenim-paritra io, na eo amin’ny lafiny voambolana izany na eo amin’ny lafiny fifehezan-teny no hany fomba azo antoka hoenti-manangana ny tenim-pirenena araka ny fenitra ofisialy.

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