Accueil > Documentations scientifiques > Revues archivées > Omaly sy Anio > Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume (...) > Communautés de base et pouvoirs politiques dans le Lalangina et le Vohibato (...)
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Communautés de base et pouvoirs politiques dans le Lalangina et le Vohibato (Sud-Betsileo) du XVIè au début du XXè siècle
Omaly sy Anio (Hier et Aujourd’hui) : revue d’études historiques, volume 33-36, 1991-1992, pp. 15-46Auteur : Solondraibe T.
Mots clés : MALGACHES/BETSILEO/ROYAUME/POUVOIR (SCIENCES SOCIALES)/CLASSES DIRIGEANTES/COMMUNAUTES/16E-19E SIECLE/MADAGASCAR/FIANARANTSOA/LALANGINA/VOHIBATO
[ EN ] A wind of liberty and of thirst for democracy blows over the world, and Madagascar cannot dodge it. “State” and “power” are the topics of discussion, reflection, and analyses everywhere, in the countryside, in cities as well as in national and international meetings. Mr Solondraibe Thomas deals here with the forms and relationships between the basic communities and the political powers in the former kingdoms of Lalangina and Vohibato, in the eastern portion of the South-Betsileo, with a diachronic perspective ranging from the 16th to the beginning of the 19th centuries. From the “maroandriana” or “miadimihavana” (16th century) period to that of the great Betsileo kingdoms (end of the 16th century – beginning of the 19th century), the political relationship between the political powers and the basic communities are well harmonized, consistent, and enticing in favor of a climate of reciprocal confidence and solidarity, as well as of an organized and reassuring dynamics. Under the “Kingdom of Madagascar” (19th century), and at the beginning of the colonial period, the oppressive, domineering, repressive and heavy aspects of a type of power imposed from outside will do nothing but destructure, disorganize, and progressively undermine the good and fruitful relationships that existed in previous periods. Then, the people of that region always try to organize themselves in their own way, with their own strengths to fight the ever increasing difficulties in which they are living. They are aware that the political and administrative recipes imposed on them ever since then are almost all at the opposite of their deepest aspirations, agreement, and of what they see as the straight way to their true development.
[ MLA ] Mitsoka eran-tany ankehitriny, fa indrindra eto Madagasikara, ny hetahetam-pahafahana sy fahalalahana sy ny fitakiana ny tena demokrasia marina. Zary fototry ny ankamaroan’ny adihevitra sy fiaraha-mandalina rehetra, na ambanivohitra, na an-tanàn-dehibe, na amin’ny fihaonambe isan-karazany, ny anjara toeran’ny atao hoe “fanjakana” sy “fahefana politika” eo amin’ny fampandehanana sy fanatsarana ny fiainam-bahoaka. Famariparitana – mitety vanim-potoana, hatramin’ny taonjato faha-16 ka hatramin’ny voalohandohan’ny taonjato faha-20 – ny endriky ny fifandraisan’ny valalabemandry andaniny sy ny fanjakana sy ny fahefana politika ankilany tao amin’ny fanjakan’i Lalangina sy i Vohibato, any amin’ny faritra atsimo atsinanan’i Betsileo, no votoatin’ity lahatsoratra ity.
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Ny vanim-potoana atao hoe “maroandriana” na “miadimihavana” (taonjato faha-16) no nisantatra ny fisian’ny fanjakana hova mirindra voalohany tamin’iny faritra iny. Nifototra tamin’ny fifehezana ny habaka sy natiora, avy tamin’ny alalan’ny fomba fiarovana sy ny fiforonana fady maro isan-karazany, ny fanjakana sy ny fahefana politika tamin’izany. Nirindra tsara tokoa ny fifandraisan’ny fahefana politika sy ny valalabemandry. Nahazo vahana hatrany izany fifandraisana mirindra izany tamin’ny vanim-potoanan’ny fanjakan-kova lehibe (faramparan’ny taonjato faha-16 ka hatramin’ny voalohandohan’ny taonjato faha-19). Nikorosy fahana hatrany anefa izany fifandraisana mirindra izany nandritra ny taonjato faha-19, fotoana naha teo ambany fifehezan’ny fanjakana merina an’i Betsileo iray manontolo, sy tamin’ny andron’ny fanjanahan-tany. Nivesatra ny fitsabahana sy ny fibahanan’ny fahefana sy ny fitondrana politika be loatra ny valalabemandry ka sempotra ary nampipoitra endri-pikomiana maro dia maro. Nisakana ny fivoaran’ny vahoaka hankany amin’ny tena lalam-pandrosoana izany toe-javatra izany, ka nahatong azy nitady lalan-kivoahana amin’ny alalan’ny herin’ny tenany hatrany.